Fluid-pressure motor



1929. T. R. E. RUNDQVIST 1,740,714

' f FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Dec. 20, 1923 Patented Dec. 24, 1929mnonn R.

- i t FLUID-PRESSURE MOTOR I Ap licant filed necemb eraa 1923. SerialNo. 681,848.;

invention relates to pressure fluid motors h An object ofmy inventlon sto provide an improved'pressurefluid motor. Another object ofmyinvention lS tf) provlde 4 an 1111- proved motor in wh ch extremerapldity of reciprocation may be obtamed. St1llanother objecto'f myinvention 1s to provide an improvedmotor of thepressure flu d percussivetype especially adaptedfor rock drilling purposes in whichby reason ofncreasedspeed and power otremprocatmn, thespee'd of drilling ismaterally increased. A still further object of myv nvent on is to provide animproved valve mechanism tor motors and especially adapted for rock Idrilling motors of the percussive type. "Ihes'e and otherobj ectsand'advantages of my invent on will, however, hereinafter more iullyappear.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown for ur oses ofillustra'tionone form which my'inv'ention may assume in PI'ZLCtlCG. In thesedrawings,- 'Fig."1 3 is a central 'long'1tud1nal vertical sectional viewthrough a drilllng motor 1n which an 1 illustrative form of my inventionis'in'corporated', the view being partially in side elevation. I v VFig. 2 is a'view' similar't'o that shownln Fig. 1 with parts assumingdifferent pos tions; Fig. 3is a detailside elevatlonal'vlew, partiallyin section, of a portlon of my mproved mechanism: Fig. 4 is atransverse'sectional 'view'taken substantially on line 44 of F g. 3. aFig, 5'is anendelevation view of one'of the bufterplugs.- Fig.6is'adetail v ew-of the improved valve mechanism. 1 I 1' In thisillustrativeform of myl'nvention', I have shown-a pressure-fluidpercussive motor, generally designated-1,- comprising a cylinder-2having a bore 3 1n-wh1ch plston 4: is reciprocable; The piston 4 1sprovldedwith a'projecting striking-bar ,5 adapted to percussivelyactuate a I to? RUNDQV-IST, OF'GLAREMON'I, NEW'HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR IOSULLIVAN MACHINERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MA$SACHUSETTS LMJM drillsteel (not shown) suitably carried within theiront end of the motor in awell known manner. ,The, op-

posite ends of the cylinder by suitable head members 6 bore 2 are closedand 7, the former beingheld in the desired'assembled relation by meansofside rods (not shown) in the usual manner while the latter is forgedintegrjal with the cylinder 2.

Pressure fluid is I distributed alternately to the ends of the cylinderby means of distribution passages 8 and 9, the supply and exhaust ofpressure fluid through these passages 8, 9

being controlled by a valve mechanism of improved construction,generally designated 10. Herein the valve mechanism comprises a casingorchestll in which suitable valvebushings'12 are so arranged as to forma valve chamber havingbores l3 and 1d of different diameters. Thesepassages 8, 9 communicate with the valve chamber adjacent the ends ofthe enlarged central bore 14 terminating in annular grooves 15 and 16.

Adjacent the extremities of thesmaller bores 1i3, ports 17 and18"connect throw or reverse passages 19 and 2Owith the valve chamber,

these passages at their opposite ends" communicating with the boreofthe' cylinder spaced ports 21 andt22.

2 by longitudinally Intermediate the port l7 and'gr oove 15, and port 18and groove 16,"respectively, in the valve chest there are formed annulargrooves 23 and 12%, whioh grooves c'omm'unicate by ports 25 and 26 withan exhaust passage '27 member 28 suitably secured As illustrated, avalve, 29, is arranged within the is herein of the multiple sp prisingrecessed end spools the bores 13' and a central formed in a box-liketothe valve chest,

generally designated v j'ch t Whi 001 type and comor heads 30 fittinggrooved spool, or

head 31fittingthe bore 14," the heads 30, 31 being connected by reducedportions 32 Herein, 1t Will be observed that the outer ends of the bores13 are closed b 38 and34 with which the r y buffers or plugs ecessedends 30 of the valve are adapted to engage and which are held in thedesired assembled rigid relation by means of a bolt extending coaxiallythrough the axis of the valve. These buffers 33, 34 are laterallygrooved at 36 and 37, which grooves permit the ready supply and exhaustof fluid between the ends of the buffers and the valve. Herein, thepressure fluid supply communicates with an annular space 38 formedbetween the ends of the valve bushings 12 in the central part of thevalve chest.

In my improved construction it Will'be noted that the bolt 35 istraversed by a plurality of radially extending longitudinally spacedports 39 and '40 whichcommunicate by means of circumferentiallyextending grooves 41 and 42 with the bores 13 in the valve chamber atpoints adjacent the inner ends of the buffer plugs 33, 34. Ports 39 andalso communicate by way of passages 43 and 44 arranged coaxially throughthe ends of the bolt, with the atmosphere. Herein, formed intermediatethe grooves 41 and 42 are annular grooves 45 and 46 formed in the outerperiphery of the bolt 35 which are provided with longitudinallyextending slots or grooves 47 and 48 extending to a point adjacent thegrooves 41 and 42. The buffer plugs 33 and 34 are radially slotted orgrooved as at 33 (see Fig. 5-). Herein, it will further be noted thatthe reduced portions 32 of the valve 29 are traversed by a plurality ofangularly disposed ports 49 and 50 which are alternately adapted topermit communication between the grooves 45,

' 46, slots 47, 48, slots 33 in the buffer, the valve chamber adjacentthe inner ends of the buffers 33 and 34, and the reverse ports 19 and20.

In the operation of my improved mechanism it will be observed that whenthe valve assumes the position shown in Fig. 1, pressure fluid passesfrom the inlet space 38 to the left of the grooved central spool 31 ofthe valve and by way of passage-8 to the rear end of the piston 4 tocause forward movement thereof. Simultaneously the front end of thecylinder is connected by passage 9 with exhaust. The piston4willaccordingly move forward and during its forward movement the rear edgeof the piston head uncovers the reverse port 20 admitting live pressure'fluid to the right hand end of the valve, reversing the same and thehammer piston as shown in Fig. 2, the passage 900mmunicating with theinlet pressure and the passage 8 with'exhaust. When the valve hasassumed the position shown in 'Fig. 2, the pressure fluid acting on theright hand side of the grooved central spool 31 forces the valve inseated position against the buffer plug 33 and when in that position thelive pressure .fluid is. admitted through the port 49 in the valve,annular grooves 45 in'the bolt, and slot 47 which registers with theslots 33' in the buffer plug, the fluid flowing through slots 33 to thechamber at the left hand end of the valve thereby causing a pres sure tobuild up in the reverse port and in the rear of this head of the valvesubstantially balancing the same. If, however, an excessive pressurebuilds up tending to overcome the pressure acting on the head 31, thevalve will unseat slightly from the buffer thus opening communicationwith the grooves 41, ports 39, and opening 43 to exhaust reducing thepressure, again causingthe valve to seat and eliminating the consequentexcessive fluttering of the valve and preadmission of pressure fluidtothe cylinder bore.

These balanced pressures acting on the side of the head 31 and the rearof the head 30 and the preadmission of pressure fluid to may assume inpractice, it will be understood that this form of the same is shown forvpur? poses of illustration and that theinvention may be modified andembodied in other forms without'departing from its spirit or the scopeof the appended claims.

What I claim as-new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: 1

1. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, apiston reciprocable therein,means forming distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, means forming throwing passagesforiad mittinglive pressure fluid to the ends of said valve for throwing thelatter,'and auxiliary means controlled by said valve for admitting livepressure fluid to one endof said valve prior to the admission ofthrowing pressure to said end. 7

2. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,means. forming distribution passages leading to said cy'linder, a valvecontrolling said passages, means forming throwing passages for admittinglive pressure fluidto theends of said valve'for throwing the'latter,auxiliary means controlled by said valve for admitting live pressurefluid to one end of said valve prior to the admission of throwingpressure to said end, and means controlled by said valvefor.

preventing premature throwing thereof.

3. In a'pressure fluid-motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,'meansPform-ing distributionpassages leading to said cylinder, avalvecontrolling said passages, means comprising throwing passages controlledby wbu said piston for admitting-live pressure'fluid from said cylindertothe' ends of saidvalve for throwing thelat-ter, and auxiliary meanscontrolled by said valve for admitting live pressure "fluid to one end"of said valve prior to the admission ofthrowing'pressure to said 4.In':a pressure 'fluid' motor, a cylinder, apiston reciprocabletherein,'means forming distribution passages leading to s'aid cylinder,a valve controlling said passages, means forming throwing passagesfor's'aidvalve, auxiliary means for admitting live pressure fluid to oneend of said valve substantially balancing the same prior to the throwingaction thereon, and means controlled by said valve for preventing apremature throwing of the latter.

In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,means forming distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, means forming throwing passages for saidvalve, auxiliary means for admit-ting live pressure fluid to one end ofsaid valve substantially balancing the same prior to the throwing actionthereon, and means including vent passages controlled by said valve forpreventing a premature throwing of the latter.

(5. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, means forming distribution passages leading to said cylinder, avalve controlling said passages, means formng throwing passages for saidvalve, auxiliary means controlled by said valve for admitting livepressure fluid to one end of said valve substantially balancing the sameprevious to the throwing action thereon, and means controlled by saidvalve for preventing said auxiliary means from allowing a pressure to bebuilt up great enough to throw said valve.

7. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,means forming distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, buffers limiting the movement of said valve,means for holding said buffers in assembled relation, and means disposedin said last mentioned means and controlled by said valve for admittingpressure fluid to an area on one end thereof previous to the throwingaction on said area.

8. In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,means forming distribution passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, means forming throwing passages for admittinglive pressure fluid to opposed areas on said valve for throwing thesame, buffers limiting the movement of said valve, means for holdingsaid buffers in assembled relation, and means disposed in said lastmentioned means and controlled by said valve for admitting pressurefluid to one end thereof substantially ,mission of'throwing pressure tosaid-end.

9. Ina pressurefluid motor, a cylinder, a

piston reciprocable therein,-means forming distribution passages leadingto said cylinder, a' valve controlling said passages, bufl'ers forlimiting movement of said valve,"a bolt for guiding said valve and formaintaining said buffers in assembledrelation, said valve havopposedsurfaces, meansfor alternately subjecting said surfaces to fluidpressure for throwing said va'lve, and means provided by said bolt foradmitting'live pressure fluid alternately to said'surfaces to acceleratethe throwing action-r 10. Ina pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston"reciprocable therein, means forming distribution passages leading tosaid cylinder, a valve controlling said passages, butfers'for limitingmovement of said valve, a center bolt for guiding said valve and formaintaining saidbufl'ers inassembled relation, saidvalve havingop'posedsurfaces', means for alternately subjecting said surfaces to.fluid pressure for throwing said-valve, and means provided by saidcenter bolt and controlled by said valve for admitting live pressurefluid alternately to said surfaces to accelerate the throwing action.--i

"1 11 In a pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston: reciprocabletherein, means forming distribution passages-leading to said cylinder, avalve controlling saidpassageameans forming throwing passages for saidvalve, buffers for limiting movement of said valve, a center bolt forguidingsaid'valve and maintaining said buffers in assembled relation,and means provided by-saidcenter bolt and controlled bysaid valve foradmitting live pressure fluid I to-one end'of the "latterprior to andfor accelerating the throwing action, thereon.

"12. Ina pressure fluid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, meansforming distributionupassages leading to said cylinder,-

valve controlling said passages, means forming throwing passages-forvsaid valve, buffers for limiting movement of said valve, a center boltfor guiding said valve and maintaining said buffers in assembledrelation, means provided by said center bolt and controlledby said valvefor admitting live pressure fluidto one end of the latter prior to thethrowing action=thereon,- and means for venting the-saidend of saidvalve for premature throwing-thereof. --13. Ina-pressure fluid motor, acylinder, a piston reciprocable thereimineans forming distributionpassages leading to said cylinder,

a valve controlling said'passages, means-for admittinglive pressurefluid to the, ends: of said valve for throwing the latter, buffers for{limiting move-mentof said-valve, a center bolt for guidingsaidvalve andmaintaining said 'buflers in, assembled relation, means compreventingprising passages-formed .in said boltzfor ad- -mittinglivespressureIfiuid to the ends of: said valve and. for .venting theends of the latter, :and means including. passages formed in said valveforalternatelyopening and closing said .passages.

314;:In1a pressure fluid-motor, .a cylinder, a piston reciprocable.therein,: means forming adist'ribution passages leading to saidcylinder, auvalve controlling said-passages, buffers forlimitingmovementof said valve, a bolt extending centrally throughsaid valveforanaintaining said buffers .in assembled relation, -s'aid;va1ve-.;hav;ingopposed surfaces, :means :for alternately subjecting said :sur-

faces to fluid pressure for throwingsaid valve, anchmeans .providedrbysaid bolt for admitting live pressure fluid alternately to said surfacesto accelerate the throwing :ac- :tion.

- l5..:In:'a.pressure .fiuid motor, a cylinder, a piston reciprocabletherein, means forming :distributionpassagesleading to said cylinder,;avalve controlling said passages,-buifers forlimiting movement of saidvalve, a center bolt extending centrally through said valveformaintainingsaid buffers in assembledzrel'ation, said valve havingopposed surfaces,-.means for alternately subjecting said surfaces tofluid pressure forthrowing said valve, and means provided by said centerbolt-and controlled by said valve foradmitting:live pressurefluidalternately-to said surfaces to accelerate the throwing action.

16. In a pressure fluidmotor, acylinder, a piston reciprocable therein,meansforming distribution .passages leading to said cylinder, a valvecontrolling said passages, means f'forming throwing passages for saidvalve, ibalfersfor-limiting movement of said valve, a center boltextending centrallythrough said valve maintaining :said buffers inassembled relation, and means providedby said center "boltandcontrolledby said valve for admitting live pressureifiuid to one-end ofthe latter prior to .and for acceleratingthe throwing .action thereon.

1:7. Ina pressure fluid rmotor, a cylinder,

a piston reciprocable thereimmeans forming distribution passages leadingto said cylinder, a valve controlling said passages,=means formingthrowing passages for said valve, buffers for limiting movement-of saidvalve, -a-.center bolt extending centrallythrough said.v-alvemaintaining said buffers in assembled relation, means provided bysaid center bolt .and controlled by said valve for admitting livepressure fluid to one end of the latter prior "to the throwing actionthereon, and means for venting-the said endofsaid valve for preventingpremature throwing thereof.

- 18. In a press ure'fluid 'motor, a cylinder, a' piston reciprocabletherein, means forming distribution passages leading to saidcylinde1',-a valv e controlling said passages, means of said -valve :forthrldwing ;.the ilatter, buffers for 'limiting'movfement .offssaidvalve, .aicenter bolt extending centrally through said valvemaintaining; saidgbuffersin assembled :relaition, .means comprising*passages Jformed :in

said bolt for admitting live pressure fiuitlzito theends of said valveand for ventingithe ends of the latter and means includingcpassagesformed in said :valve ;;=f or alternately opening and closing saidpassages.

